Climate
Homework 14/05/2019
Copy this diagram into your notebooks- no need to draw all of Europe- Ireland will do!
Name one hot, one cold and one temperate climate. Match each climate with the descriptions below!
Factors that effect climate: * USE S.E.E.D!!
Latitude:
S.Latitude is one factor that really effects the climate of an area.
E.The closer you are to the equator, the warmer it is.The further away from the equator you go, the colder it gets.
E.The Arctic and Antarctic are the coldest places on earth, whilst the equatorial regions of Africa, Asia and S. America are amongst the hottest.
D.This is because the suns rays travel the shortest distance to the equator and so are most powerful here. They have a further distance to travel to the poles and have lost much of their heat by the time they arrive on earth's surface.
Distance From the Sea:
S.Distance from the Sea has a massive impact on the climate of an area.
E. The sea takes longer to heat up than land and also takes longer to loose heat. As a result, the sea acts like an insulating blanket in the winter and cools the surrounding land in the summer.
E.Ireland has relatively mild winters and summers (5° to 15°) as it is an island and has an oceanic climate. Moscow has much more extreme winter and summer temperatures as it is landlocked and so, has a continental climate. (-15° to 21°)
D.The North Atlantic Drift brings warm sea temperatures up from the Caribbean and this keeps Ireland's coastline frost-free for most of the winter.
Prevailing Wind:
S.Prevailing Wind is another factor that can effect the climate of an area.
E.This is the average/ most frequent wind that blows over a region.
E.Ireland prevailing wind is the South Westerlies which come up from the direction of the Caribbean, bringing mild, wet conditions and this keeps Ireland's coastline frost-free for most of the winter.
D.As a small island, there is little variation in terms of temperature, but the west coast of Ireland does receive a lot more rainfall than the east.
(Up to 2500mm in the West vs 1200mm in the East) Many of the mountains in the West receive heavy rainfall which reduces as it blows inland. This is called a rain shadow effect.
Altitude:
S.Altitude can affect the climate of an area.
E.Altitude means height above sea level. It affects climate in the following way.
E.The higher you go, the colder it gets. The temperature drops 7°C for every 1000m you go up.
D. There are two reasons for this: a) The air is thinner and can hold less heat. and b) You are more exposed to the wind. This is called the wind chill factor.
Relief:
S. Relief can effect the climate of an area.
E. Relief is the shape of the land eg Mountains.
E. As we know, the higher you go, the colder it gets. The temperature drops 7°C for every 1000m you go up.
D. Mountains can also block sunlight. For example, in the northern hemisphere, north facing slopes have little or no sunlight so they are not suitable for farming or settlement. South facing slopes have sunshine for most of the day and are most suitable for farming and settlement. Eg. In Southern Italy, farmers grow grapes and olives on the southern slopes of the Apennines. This is the opposite in the southern hemisphere.
S.Latitude is one factor that really effects the climate of an area.
E.The closer you are to the equator, the warmer it is.The further away from the equator you go, the colder it gets.
E.The Arctic and Antarctic are the coldest places on earth, whilst the equatorial regions of Africa, Asia and S. America are amongst the hottest.
D.This is because the suns rays travel the shortest distance to the equator and so are most powerful here. They have a further distance to travel to the poles and have lost much of their heat by the time they arrive on earth's surface.
Distance From the Sea:
S.Distance from the Sea has a massive impact on the climate of an area.
E. The sea takes longer to heat up than land and also takes longer to loose heat. As a result, the sea acts like an insulating blanket in the winter and cools the surrounding land in the summer.
E.Ireland has relatively mild winters and summers (5° to 15°) as it is an island and has an oceanic climate. Moscow has much more extreme winter and summer temperatures as it is landlocked and so, has a continental climate. (-15° to 21°)
D.The North Atlantic Drift brings warm sea temperatures up from the Caribbean and this keeps Ireland's coastline frost-free for most of the winter.
Prevailing Wind:
S.Prevailing Wind is another factor that can effect the climate of an area.
E.This is the average/ most frequent wind that blows over a region.
E.Ireland prevailing wind is the South Westerlies which come up from the direction of the Caribbean, bringing mild, wet conditions and this keeps Ireland's coastline frost-free for most of the winter.
D.As a small island, there is little variation in terms of temperature, but the west coast of Ireland does receive a lot more rainfall than the east.
(Up to 2500mm in the West vs 1200mm in the East) Many of the mountains in the West receive heavy rainfall which reduces as it blows inland. This is called a rain shadow effect.
Altitude:
S.Altitude can affect the climate of an area.
E.Altitude means height above sea level. It affects climate in the following way.
E.The higher you go, the colder it gets. The temperature drops 7°C for every 1000m you go up.
D. There are two reasons for this: a) The air is thinner and can hold less heat. and b) You are more exposed to the wind. This is called the wind chill factor.
Relief:
S. Relief can effect the climate of an area.
E. Relief is the shape of the land eg Mountains.
E. As we know, the higher you go, the colder it gets. The temperature drops 7°C for every 1000m you go up.
D. Mountains can also block sunlight. For example, in the northern hemisphere, north facing slopes have little or no sunlight so they are not suitable for farming or settlement. South facing slopes have sunshine for most of the day and are most suitable for farming and settlement. Eg. In Southern Italy, farmers grow grapes and olives on the southern slopes of the Apennines. This is the opposite in the southern hemisphere.
Irrigation Scheme- The Nile
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Quiz
1. What are the 3 main factors that effect climate? (3)
2.What is the definition of climate? (2)
3. Why is it hotter at the equator than the poles?
4.Why does Moscow have more extreme weather in the summer and winter, than Shannon? (2)
5. What is a prevailing wind?
6. What is the prevailing wind of Ireland?
7. How does it effect Ireland's climate? (2)
8. What is altitude and how does it effect local climate? (2)
9. In the Northern hemisphere which mountain slopes get the most sun?
10. Name one hot, one cold and one temperate climate. (3)
11. At what latitudes do you find a hot desert climate. (2)
12. How do landmasses and ocean currents effect a desert climate? (2)
13. What does the term "winter of the desert" mean?
14. Name one plant that grows in the desert.
15. Explain 2 ways it has adapted to survive with little water. (2)
16. Why are many desert animals nocturnal?
17. Describe 3 ways a camel has adapted to survive in the desert? (3)
TOTAL 30
2.What is the definition of climate? (2)
3. Why is it hotter at the equator than the poles?
4.Why does Moscow have more extreme weather in the summer and winter, than Shannon? (2)
5. What is a prevailing wind?
6. What is the prevailing wind of Ireland?
7. How does it effect Ireland's climate? (2)
8. What is altitude and how does it effect local climate? (2)
9. In the Northern hemisphere which mountain slopes get the most sun?
10. Name one hot, one cold and one temperate climate. (3)
11. At what latitudes do you find a hot desert climate. (2)
12. How do landmasses and ocean currents effect a desert climate? (2)
13. What does the term "winter of the desert" mean?
14. Name one plant that grows in the desert.
15. Explain 2 ways it has adapted to survive with little water. (2)
16. Why are many desert animals nocturnal?
17. Describe 3 ways a camel has adapted to survive in the desert? (3)
TOTAL 30
Quiz 2
1 What are 2 causes of desertification? (2)
2.Why is migration an effect of desertification. (3)
3. What is the name of the large region at risk of desertification to the south of the Sahara Desert?
4. Name 1 country in this region.
5. Discuss 2 ways we can reduce the spread of the desert. (2)
6. What is the difference between the Tundra and Boreal climates?
7. Where is the Boreal climate found.
8. What is the annual temperature range in this region.
9. Name 1 plant and 3 ways it has adapted to survive here. (4)
10. What type of forest is common here. Give one important fact about this forest. (2)
11. What type of people live here and how do they live? (2)
12. List 2 ways animals have adapted to survive in this region. (2)
!3. What is another name for a Mediterranean climate.
14. What is the hottest and wettest months in the Med? (2)
15. Where is climate located.
16. What are 3 human activities common in this region? (3)
17. Name 2 plants and discuss how they have adapted to survive here? (4)
18. Spell MEDITERRANEAN
TOTAL
34
2.Why is migration an effect of desertification. (3)
3. What is the name of the large region at risk of desertification to the south of the Sahara Desert?
4. Name 1 country in this region.
5. Discuss 2 ways we can reduce the spread of the desert. (2)
6. What is the difference between the Tundra and Boreal climates?
7. Where is the Boreal climate found.
8. What is the annual temperature range in this region.
9. Name 1 plant and 3 ways it has adapted to survive here. (4)
10. What type of forest is common here. Give one important fact about this forest. (2)
11. What type of people live here and how do they live? (2)
12. List 2 ways animals have adapted to survive in this region. (2)
!3. What is another name for a Mediterranean climate.
14. What is the hottest and wettest months in the Med? (2)
15. Where is climate located.
16. What are 3 human activities common in this region? (3)
17. Name 2 plants and discuss how they have adapted to survive here? (4)
18. Spell MEDITERRANEAN
TOTAL
34